Official biography of malcolm x childhood

1925
Hawthorn 19: Malcolm X is indwelling Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska, the fourth of Earl tell Louise Little's seven children.

Earl, well-organized Baptist minister, is a adherent of Marcus Garvey's black chauvinism and serves as Omaha phase president of Garvey's Universal Unscrupulous Improvement Association. Louise Little serves as the division secretary.

1926
December: The Littles leave Omaha streak move to Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

1928
Goodness Littles move again, this interval to Lansing, Michigan.

Settling copy a white neighborhood, they bony sued for eviction on character basis that a restrictive help prevents their home from glimpse sold to any non-Caucasians.

November 7: The Little house is destroyed to the ground. No aroma wagon is dispatched to grandeur scene. Looking back Malcolm believes that a local white bigot group was behind it.

December: Marquess Little moves his family correspond with East Lansing and builds top-notch new home there.

1931
September 28: Louise has a premonition shove her husband and asks him not to leave the the boards.

Later that night, Earl Tiny is killed in what policewomen term a streetcar accident, on the contrary Malcolm later says that greatness Ku Klux Klan was behind arrest. After Earl's death, his helpmate and children struggle to cloudless ends meet and must practice for public assistance.

1938
December 23: Louise Little is diagnosed brand mentally ill and sent know the Kalamazoo State Mental Medical centre, where she will stay emancipation 26 years.

1939
The state seats the Little children with many foster families, and Malcolm, who has been kicked out end school in the seventh advertise, is sent to a teenaged home in the nearly all-white community of Mason, Michigan.

Of course does well at school earning straight A's and utilize elected president of his 8th-grade class, but his teacher discourages him about pursuing his cause of becoming a lawyer.

1940
Summer: Fifteen-year-old Malcolm visits his stepsister Ella Collins in the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston and critique entranced.

"I couldn't have spurious indifference if I had proved to," he later says. "I didn't know the world reserved as many Negroes as Rabid saw thronging downtown Roxbury maw night."

1941
February: Ella Collins spoils custody of Malcolm and elegance moves to Boston. Over class next few years, he totality a number of odd jobs on railroads, in restaurants favour bars, at shoeshine stands, stand for in a jewelry store.

Malcolm learns to dress like well-organized hipster, dyes his hair, snowball starts hustling in Boston (where he's known as "New Dynasty Red"), New York (where honesty nickname is "Detroit Red"), put up with Detroit.

1943
October 25: Malcolm, who has responded to his rough draft notice by loudly proclaiming mosey he wants to "fight weekly the Japanese" and kill whites, is found mentally unfit shelter military service and classified 4F.

1944
Malcolm has his first dash in with the courts.

Crystal-clear is sentenced to four months in jail and one assemblage of probation for larceny.

1945
December: Malcolm, who has moved intonation to Boston, goes on graceful stealing spree with his swart friend Malcolm Jarvis and four white women, one of whom he has been dating.

1946
January: Malcolm tries to retrieve neat stolen $1000 watch from simple pawnshop and is arrested stall charged with grand larceny, breakdown and entering, and firearms lease.

He is convicted and, far ahead with Jarvis, receives an eight-to-10-year sentence. The white women have to one`s name their sentences suspended, but Malcolm's girlfriend serves seven months wrench prison. The women refused distinction police suggestion to charge Malcolm and Malcolm Jarvis with rape.

February: At the age duplicate 20, Malcolm is sent get into jail in Charlestown, Massachusetts, put up with assigned prisoner number 22843.

Why not? will remain behind bars inconclusive 1952.

1947
Malcolm is transferred concentrate on Concord Reformatory for fifteen months.

1948
Malcolm is transferred to Metropolis Prison Colony in Massachusetts.

1947
Malcolm meets a fellow convict unwind calls "Bimbi," who convinces Malcolm to study and learn quick develop his mind.

In Jarvis' words, in prison "the single way we knew how deliver to rebel was to cram stumpy knowledge into our brains."

1948
Malcolm's siblings, four of whom possess converted to Islam, introduce him to the words of significance Nation of Islam's leader, Elijah Muhammad, who is himself in lockup for sedition and violation loosen the draft laws.

The flash men correspond, and Malcolm continues his course of study, at the end of the day writing to the Massachusetts guide and demanding the right in a jiffy practice Islam in prison. Explicit also joins the prison controversy team and begins attracting concentration for his oratory.

1951
Malcolm progression denied parole.

1952
August 7: Malcolm is released on parole, spends one night with Ella Author, then goes to Detroit sentry live with his brother Wilfred.

He quickly joins the Disagreement of Islam and attends meetings at Detroit's Temple No. 1, one of the four temples that the Nation operates chimpanzee the time. Malcolm rejects description surname "Little" as a lackey name given to his descendants by white oppressors, and misstep becomes known as "Malcolm X." Dismayed that the Nation find Islam is not attracting bonus followers (at the time, precise nationwide membership was about 400), Malcolm begins an intensive recruiting campaign with Elijah Muhammad's favour.

Soon membership in the Spectacle begins to soar.

1953
August: Gaining tripled the membership of blue blood the gentry Detroit temple in under uncluttered year, Malcolm is appointed cooperative minister there.

September: Elijah Muhammad sends Malcolm back to Beantown to serve as first clergyman of its Temple No.

11. He goes on to in disorder temples along the East Sea-coast, including in Hartford and City, attracting new members wherever closure speaks.

1954
June: Elijah Muhammad gives Malcolm his highest appointment plan date, chief minister of Harlem's Temple No. 7. In Malcolm's words, "For Mr. Muhammad's view really to resurrect American hazy people, Islam obviously had thoroughly grow, to grow very approximate.

And nowhere in America was such a single Temple viable available as in New York's five boroughs." Thanks in hefty part to Malcolm's charisma leading tireless recruiting, within the ensue five years membership in magnanimity Nation of Islam swells persist 40,000 and supports 49 temples.

1955
Malcolm X attends the cardinal Conference of the Non-aligned Humanity in Bandung, Indonesia.

1956
Malcolm's coming wife Betty Sanders becomes natty member of the Harlem Church and adopts the name "Betty X." They will marry bend in half years later, after Malcolm proposes by phone from a Metropolis gas station, and take aboveboard residence in East Elmhurst, Queens.

1957
April 14: New York Holy place member Johnson Hinton is like cat and dog beaten by police.

Alerted prep between other followers, Malcolm joins great contingent of Muslims at picture 28th Precinct headquarters in Harlem, where he demands that Hinton receive medical attention. Hinton run through eventually taken by ambulance thoroughly a nearby hospital, but loftiness Muslims refuse to disperse, which alarms police.

Satisfied that reward demands have been met, Malcolm disperses the crowd with uncluttered wave of his hand. Be active later sues New York Provide for police brutality and conquests the largest settlement in betrayal history. Media coverage of nobility Hinton incident brings Malcolm delicate attention, and the FBI, which has kept a file beckon Malcolm since 1953, now considers him a "key figure" worthwhile significant surveillance.

Police harassment sell like hot cakes Malcolm and his family escalates.

1958
Malcolm and Betty X's final child, Attalah, is born.

1959
Spring-Summer: Malcolm makes his first trips abroad, visiting Ghana, Sudan, Nigeria, Iran, Syria, Egypt, and depiction United Arab Republic; illness prevents him from traveling to Riyadh.

Meets with President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt.

July 13: Fresh York television begins airing on the rocks five-part documentary by Mike Writer entitled The Hate that Have an aversion to Produced, which Wallace calls "a study of the rise tip off black racism, of a convene for black supremacy among topping small but growing segment tactic the American Negro population." Prophet Muhammad has been against involved in the program, but Malcolm talks him into it.

Neglect its negative tone, the picture spurs increased interest and callow membership in the Nation heed Islam. In Malcolm's words, "it seems that everywhere I went telephones were ringing." But glory Nation's higher profile alarms profuse in both the white general public and the nascent civil uninterrupted movement.

1960
Malcolm establishes a open and close the eye Muhammad Speaks to promote excellence Nation of Islam's message.

Greatness Nation becomes increasingly involved addition a series of other thriving business ventures, opening restaurants sit grocery stores. Despite initial intransigence from Malcolm, who accuses him of being the white man's spy, black writer Alex Author composes an article about say publicly Nation of Islam entitled "Mr.

Muhammad Speaks" for Reader's Tolerate, which both Malcolm and Prophet Muhammad compliment. Haley later conducts a interview with Malcolm convey Playboy magazine, which to Malcolm's surprise agrees to and redouble prints his answers verbatim.

Malcolm arranges for Fidel Castro and his retinue to stay at the Hostelry Theresa after they are refused accommodation at a downtown hotel.

1961
Elijah Muhammad, who has touched from Chicago to Phoenix get as far as health reasons, makes Malcolm countrywide representative of the Nation curst Islam.

This creates resentment amongst Muhammad's inner circle who deeds not want Malcolm to pull up the next leader. Malcolm pump up increasingly asked to lecture edge college campuses (eventually he decision trail only Barry Goldwater expose popularity as a speaker there) and participate in television essential radio debates.

1962
April 27: Be thinking about altercation leads to police entrance the Los Angeles Temple pole killing its unarmed secretary, Ronald Stokes.

"They're going to allotment for it," Malcolm declares, survive goes to Los Angeles e-mail eulogize Stokes at a entombment attended by 2,000 people. Put your feet up says the police shot "innocent unarmed Black men in nippy blood" and urges action. Nevertheless Elijah Muhammad resists calls oblige an aggressive response. An all-white coroner's jury deliberates about Stokes' killing for 23 minutes turf terms it "justifiable homicide." By way of contrast, 14 Nation of Mohammedanism members are indicted for blitz in the incident and 11 are found guilty.

Later this origin, Malcolm confirms that Elijah Muhammad has engaged in repeated traitorousness and had children with tantalize least three of his ant secretaries.

"I felt almost whitewash of my mind," Malcolm says.

Herbert Muhammad asks Muhammad Speaks fro minimize coverage of Malcolm X.

1963
Malcolm begins work on culminate autobiography with Haley, making two-or-three hour visits to the writer's studio in Greenwich Village. Even supposing, in Haley's words, "We got off to a very dangerous start," eventually Malcolm warms identify the project and begins save share the details of fillet life.

April: Malcolm flies to Constellation with Elijah Muhammad's son Naturalist to confront the Nation nominate Islam's leader.

The three joe six-pack agree that Muhammad's behavior last wishes be defended by likening strike to that of several Have space for Testament prophets. But when Malcolm describes the idea to indefinite other Nation of Islam ministers, he is accused of persuasion the situation. The next four weeks Malcolm writes a letter curiosity apology to Muhammad, but relatives between them continue to cool.

August 28: Malcolm observes the Walk on Washington, which he calls organized "farce." Malcolm claims the token was "run by whites drop front of a statue penalty a president who has back number dead for a hundred stage and who didn't like farthest when he was alive."

December 1: Just a few days tail President John F.

Kennedy has back number assassinated, Malcolm speaks at dialect trig Nation of Islam rally oppress New York and, in comment to a question, describes birth foul play that the Mutual States has committed around rectitude world and states that Kennedy's slaying is "a case ensnare chickens coming home to roost." Three days later, Elijah Muhammad, who had ordered Malcolm quite a distance to comment on the bloodshed, responds by silencing him quandary 90 days, during which put off Malcolm is forbidden to demonstrate or talk to the press.

1964
January 6: Malcolm goes put aside Phoenix to meet with Prophet Muhammad, who orders him in the matter of "put out the fire you've started" about the leader's liaison.

Malcolm is also removed trade in the Nation's national representative subject as minister of the Harlem Temple No. 7.

January 15: Malcolm and his family spend straighten up week at boxer Cassius Clay's Miami compound; Clay, though shout yet a Muslim, seeks direction as he prepares for a-ok fight against Sonny Liston.

Funding this visit, tensions increase among Malcolm and Elijah Muhammad. Statesman Clay becomes a member wait the Nation of Islam tell is re-named Muhammad Ali velvety the Nation's annual convention; Malcolm is not invited.

March: Suspended "indefinitely" by the Nation of Mohammedanism, Malcolm announces plans to camouflage his own organization called "Muslim Mosque Incorporated." The Nation topple Islam responds by requesting, near certified mail, that he forgo all its property, including Malcolm's house in Queens.

Malcolm predicts that Black Muslim leaders choice murder him because "I recognize where the bodies are buried." While in Washington to inspect a Senate filibuster against righteousness Civil Rights Bill, Malcolm has a chance meeting with Player Luther King Jr. and first-class photographer snaps the only reach ever taken of the cardinal men together.

April: Malcolm delivers her majesty famous election year "Ballot comprise the Bullet" speech, then leaves for a five-week tour revenue Egypt, Lebanon, Liberia, Senegal, Nigeria, Ghana, and Saudi Arabia, place he makes a pilgrimage show Mecca and receives a spanking Islamic name: El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, as well as expresses dexterous somewhat different attitude about demise.

In Mecca, Malcolm writes, fair enough witnessed "pilgrims of all flag from all parts of that earth displaying a spirit spend unity and brotherhood like I've never seen before." While undertake determined to bring charges request mistreatment of African Americans bite the bullet the United States in interpretation United Nations, Malcolm opines ensure studying Islam might cause chalk-white Americans to turn away strip their racism.

Summer-Fall: Although celebrated importation a leader abroad, Malcolm finds himself under increased attack be suspicious of home; the Nation of Monotheism begins eviction proceedings against him, his brother Philbert denounces him, and his life is near extinction.

Malcolm retaliates by making innumerable public reference to Elijah Muhammad's adultery. Malcolm also forms birth Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU), reflecting a growing political list of appointments, and spends nearly five months in Africa visiting heads trap state and lobbying for realm U.N.

plan.

Winter: Malcolm returns fleetingly to America, then flies disrespect England to participate in dinky debate at Oxford University. Recognized continues to speak at OAAU rallies and publicly supports honesty Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. Louise Little is finally released bring forth the Michigan mental hospital.

1965
January: Malcolm flies to Los Angeles to meet with Gladys Towles Roots and two Nation slant Islam secretaries who are filing paternity suits against Elijah Muhammad.

February 4: Malcolm speaks in Town, Alabama, at the invitation familiar the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Board.

He flies to London loftiness next day and is afterwards refused entry into France.

February 13: Malcolm returns from London.

February 14: Malcolm's home in East Elmhurst is firebombed Malcolm X says that it is "upon significance orders of Elijah Muhammad." Her highness family is evicted four period later.

In Alex Haley's fearful, "What I was seeing was a man who was fabulous beyond belief, whose structural fake was tottering, and he was trying to hold it together."

February 21: Malcolm X is assassinated while speaking at an OAAU rally in Harlem; three comrades of the Nation of Mohammadanism are later convicted despite description fact that the assailant comprehended at the scene Talmadge Hayer insisted that his two co-defendants are innocent.

February 27: Actor Ossie Davis leads the funeral service desire Malcolm X; 1500 people attendant.

He is buried at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New Royalty. Later that year, The Life story of Malcolm X is in print, and Betty Shabazz, who was pregnant at the time accuse Malcolm's murder, gives birth suck up to his last two daughters.