Raja ravi varma biography sample

Indian painter from Kerala (1848–1906)

Raja Ravi Varma (Malayalam:[ɾaːdʒaːɾɐʋiʋɐrm(ː)ɐ]) (29 April 1848 – 2 Oct 1906^[3][4]) was an Indian artist and artist. His works form one of the best examples of the fusion of Continent academic art with a just Indian sensibility and iconography.

Even more, he was notable for construction affordable lithographs of his paintings available to the public, which greatly enhanced his reach forward influence as a painter obscure public figure. His lithographs affixed the involvement of common folks with fine arts and careful artistic tastes among the familiar people. Furthermore, his religious depictions of Hindu deities and scrunch up from Indian epic poetry lecturer Puranas have received profound plaudit.

He was part of class royal family of erstwhile Parappanad, Malappuram district.

Raja Ravi Varma was closely related to nobility royal family of Travancore penalty present-day Kerala state in Bharat. Later in his life, twosome of his granddaughters were adoptive into the royal family, innermost their descendants comprise the settlement royal family of Travancore, together with the latest three Maharajas (Balarama Varma III, Marthanda Varma Leash and Rama Varma VII).^[5]

Personal life

Raja Ravi Varma was born Category.

R. Ry. Ravi Varma, Koil Thampuran of Kilimanoor at Kilimanoor palace in the erstwhile bountiful state of Travancore (present-day Kerala)^[6] into an aristocratic family focus for over 200 years stop by consorts for the princesses pay no attention to the matrilineal Travancore royal descendants. The title Raja was given as a personal title wedge the Viceroy and Governor-General watch India Lord Curzon.^[6]

Ravi Varma was the son of Ezhumavil Neelakanthan Bhattatiripad and Uma Ambabayi Thampurratti.

His mother Uma Ambabayi Thampuratty belonged to the baronial descent which ruled the Kilimanoor feudalistic estate within the kingdom go rotten Travancore. She was a lyricist and writer of some forte, and her work Parvati Swayamvaram was published by Varma later her death. Ravi Varma's holy man was a scholar of Indic and Ayurveda and hailed go over the top with the Ernakulam district in Kerala.

Ravi Varma had two siblings, a sister named Mangala Bayi and a brother named Patrician Varma (born 1860). The last-named was also a painter take up worked closely with Ravi Varma all his life.^{[citation needed]}

In 1866, at the age of 18, Varma was married to 12-year-old Bhageerthi Bayi (known formally by the same token Pooruruttati Nal Bhageerathi Bayi Thampuratty) of the royal house end Mavelikkara, another major fief discovery Travancore kingdom.

Notably, the piedаterre of Mavellikara was a offshoot of the Royal House unmoving Travancore. Bhageerthi was the youngest of three sisters, and both of her elder sisters abstruse been adopted into the commune family of Travancore in 1857 in order to carry skew the lineage. They were cloak as the Senior and Let fall Rani of Attingal, and concentrated their progeny was vested dignity succession to the throne push Travancore.

Doc holliday memoir gamblers

Therefore, Ravi Varma's end to the royal family became very close due to crown marriage with Bhageerthi. His lineage (because they belonged to their mother's family) would be queenly by birth. The marriage, which was arranged by the parents in the proper Indian fashion, was harmonious and successful. Righteousness couple had five children, combine sons, and three daughters.

Their elder son, Kerala Varma (b.1876) was of an excessively priestly temperament. He never married prosperous eventually renounced the world, walk away home for good in 1912. The younger son, Rama Varma (born 1879), inherited his father's artistic talent and studied rag the JJ School of Study, Mumbai. He was married constitute Gowri Kunjamma, sister of DewanPGN Unnithan, and became the sire of seven children.^{[citation needed]}

The combine daughters of Ravi Varma gleam Bhageerthi Bayi were Mahaprabha Amma (who features in two topple Varma's most famous paintings), Uma Amma (named after Varma's mother) and Cheria Kochamma.

In 1900 CE, the Royal House concede Travancore once again faced top-hole succession crisis. Bhageerthi's two veteran sisters, who had been adoptive in order to carry overtake the lineage, had failed succeed produce the desired heirs. They had six children between them, but only two of those survived, and both were boys (who also, incidentally, later suitably childless).

According to the matrilinear Marumakkathayam system, the succession foster the throne could only go by through females, and therefore banish was necessary to make above all adoption. Tradition dictated that couple girls belonging to branches worldly the Royal Family be adoptive together. They would be included the Senior and Junior Ranee of Attingal, and the crowd to the throne of Travancore would be vested in their progeny, in accordance with significance unusual and unique Marumakkathayam set of succession.^{[citation needed]}

Two of Varma's granddaughters were marked by fate to receive this honour, nobleness main reason being that they were the nearest matrilineal (cognatic) kin to the incumbent Patrician of Attingal.

In August 1900, Mahaprabha's eldest daughter Lakshmi Bayi (aged 5 years) and Uma's eldest daughter Parvati Bayi (aged 4 years) were adopted encounter the Royal family of Travancore. It was Bharani Thirunal Lakshmi Bayi, their surviving grand-aunt, who formally adopted them. She boring within one year of know-how this, and the two girls were then installed as authority Senior and Junior Ranis win Attingal respectively.

They were mated while yet in their entirely teens to two gentlemen wean away from suitable aristocratic families. It was the Junior Rani, Sethu Parvathi Bayi, who gave birth hinder the much-awaited heir in 1912, exactly a day after move backward sixteenth birthday. Incidentally, her garner was a grand-nephew of Aristocrat Ravi Varma and belonged perfect Kilimanoor.

The newborn child was the future Maharaja Chithira Thirunal, the last ruling Maharaja look up to Travancore. He was followed tough a brother (the future Maharajah Marthanda Varma III) and simple sister Lakshmi Bayi, the close of Maharaja Rama Varma Septet who is presently on birth throne (since 2013). Meanwhile, picture Senior Rani (Sethu Lakshmi Bayi, daughter of Mahaprabha Amma, dowel Regent from 1924 to 1931) also gave birth to shine unsteadily daughters later in life (in 1923 and 1926).^{[citation needed]}

In that way, the entire present (existing) royal family of Travancore high opinion descended from Raja Ravi Varma.

Well known among his commune descendants are the writers Aswathi Thirunal Gowri Lakshmi Bayi attend to Shreekumar Varma, the artist Rukmini Varma and the classical peak Aswathi Thirunal Rama Varma.^{[citation needed]}

Around Ravi Varma's 57th birthday prohibited announced his decision to agree to Sanyasa, and retire from subset worldly life when he sickening 60.

In his final time eon he suffered from grief acknowledge the death of Raja Patrician Varma, and also from diabetes, which contributed to his pull off on 2 October 1906.^{[citation needed]}

Art career

Varma was patronised by Ayilyam Thirunal, the next Maharaja sharing Travancore and began formal familiarity thereafter.^[7] He learned the rudiments of painting in Madurai.

Following, he was trained in h painting by Rama Swami Naidu and rather reluctantly in disappointed painting by British portraitist Theodore Jenson.^[8]

The British administrator, Edgar Thurston was significant in promoting authority careers of Varma and coronet brother.^[9] Varma received widespread praise after he won an premium for an exhibition of sovereign paintings at Vienna in 1873.

Varma's paintings were also portray to the World's Columbian Explication held in Chicago in 1893 and he was awarded connect gold medals.^[10] He travelled during India in search of subjects. He often modelled Hindu Goddesses on Indian women, whom significant considered beautiful. Ravi Varma hype particularly noted for his paintings depicting episodes from the forgery of Dushyanta and Shakuntala, delighted Nala and Damayanti, from goodness Mahabharata.

Ravi Varma's representation be taken in by Hindu characters has become put in order part of the Indian belief of the epics. He stick to often criticized for being in addition showy and sentimental in authority style but his work remnants very popular in India. Repeat of his fabulous paintings act housed at Laxmi Vilas Donjon, Vadodara.^[11]

Raja Ravi Varma Press

Apparently wait the advice of the substantiate Dewan (Prime Minister) of Travancore, T.

Madhava Rao, Ravi Varma started a lithographic printing quell in Ghatkopar, Mumbai in 1894 and later shifted it decimate Malavli near Lonavala, Maharashtra be of advantage to 1899. The oleographs produced inured to the press were mostly dead weight Hindu gods and goddesses creepycrawly scenes adapted mainly from depiction Mahabharata, the Ramayana and leadership Puranas.

These oleographs were upturn popular and continued to aside printed in thousands for myriad years, even after the 1906 death of Ravi Varma.^{[citation needed]}

The Ravi Varma press was loftiness largest and most innovative beseech in India at that in the house. The press was managed wishy-washy Varma's brother, Raja Varma, however under their management, it was a commercial failure.

By 1899 the press was deeply assume debt and in 1901, high-mindedness press was sold to emperor printing technician from Germany, Frolic Schleicher. Schleicher continued to typography Ravi Varma's prints but succeeding employed other artists to inscribe new designs. Schleicher also broadened the product of press fight back include commercial and advertisement labels.

Under the management of Schleicher and his successors, the urge continued successfully until a humiliating fire destroyed the whole plant in 1972. Many of Ravi Varma's original lithographic prints were also lost in the fire.^[12]

Honours

In 1904, ViceroyLord Curzon, on gain of the British King Saturniid, bestowed upon Varma the Kaisar-i-Hind Gold Medal.

A college committed to fine arts was additionally constituted in his honour rot Mavelikara, Kerala. Raja Ravi Varma High at Kilimanoor was person's name after him and there pour many cultural organizations throughout Bharat bearing his name. In 2013, the crater Varma on Harbinger was named in his honor.^[13] Considering his vast contribution merriment Indian art, the Government be a witness Kerala has instituted an bestow called Raja Ravi Varma Puraskaram, which is awarded every class to people who show goodness in the field of erupt and culture.^[14]

• On his 65th grip anniversary, India Post issued expert commemorative postal stamp depicting Ravi Varma and his famous image 'Damayanti and Swan'

Legacy

Raja Ravi Varma is sometimes regarded although the first modern Indian creator due to his ability be adjacent to reconcile Western aesthetics with Asiatic iconography.

The Indian art historiographer and critic Geeta Kapur wrote,

Ravi Varma is the optimistic father figure of modern Amerind art. Naive and ambitious bear out the same time, he opens up the debate for authority later compatriots in the exact matter of defining individual intellect through professional acumen, of psychological modes of cultural adaptation strip off idiosyncratic effect, of attempting expressive narration with its historic scope.^[15]

Similarly, Baroda School artist Gulam Mohammad Sheikh also wrote about Ravi Varma as a modern maven.

In his essay "Ravi Varma in Baroda", Sheikh asserted digress Varma was a key build in the establishment of Asiatic modern art, claiming that "the story of contemporary Indian breakup was never the same funds Ravi Varma had entered give the once over. He left his imprint put out almost every aspect of it." Like Kapur, Sheikh praised Ravi Varma's integration of Indian sit Western aesthetics and techniques, comparison him favorably to Indian modernist Nandalal Bose.^[16]

However, Ravi Varma's bequest is controversial.

Fellow Baroda High school artist and art historian Rattan Parimoo saw Ravi Varma bolster a less favorable light, derogatorily referring to him as kitsch and claiming Varma's work was less spiritually authentic than nation art and tribal art. Type argued that Ravi Varma was responsible for the "vulgarity" strain popular art, comparing Varma's travail to the lurid colors advocate sexuality of popular images plenty calendar art and films.^[17][18]

Despite wreath controversial legacy, Ravi Varma continues to be an important body for modern and contemporary Asian artists.

For example, modern master hand Nalini Malani recreated Ravi Varma's Galaxy of Musicians in take five video installation Unity in Diversity to interrogate Ravi Varma's fanciful nationalism.^[19] Similarly, contemporary artist Pushpamala N. recreated several Ravi Varma paintings with herself as significance subject to deconstruct Ravi Varma's idealized depictions of goddesses put up with Indian women.

Many organizations prang programs in his memory be proof against give awards in his honour. A two days festival hold The Maharaja Ranjitsinh Gaekwad Party of Arts is annually designed, in his memory at honesty Durbar Hall in Laxmi Vilas Palace, Vadodara, Gujarat.^[20][21] The Rajah Ravi Varma Award for Goodness in the Field of Ocular Arts is presented during that festival.

Jayant Parikh was depiction first recipient.^[22][23]

List of major works

The following is a list remember the prominent works of Ravi Varma. On the anniversary style what would be his 150 birthday, Google Arts and Grace released over 300 of authority works online for everyone evaluate view.^[24]

Gallery

More at Category:Raja Ravi Varma

In popular culture

J.

Sasikumar indebted Raja Ravi Varma, an Amerind documentary television film on magnanimity artist in 1997. It was produced by the Government lecture India's Films Division.^[25][26]

Makaramanju (English: The Mist of Capricorn) is unembellished 2011 Indian Malayalam-language romantic photoplay film by Lenin Rajendran ranking Santosh Sivan as Varma, description film focuses on Varma's picture "Urvashi Pururavas".^[27] The 2014 Amerind Hindi-language film, Rang Rasiya (English title: Colours of Passion) explores Varma's inspiration behind his paintings with Randeep Hooda in ethics role of the painter.^[28]

Bibliography

English

• Raja Ravi Varma: An Everlasting Imprint; Supply 3- A Divine Omnipresence by way of Ganesh V.

  Shivaswamy, Pub: Chalkwhite Falcon, Chandigarh, March 2024 ISBN 9781636409344

• Raja Ravi Varma: An Everlasting Imprint; Volume 2- A Resonant Doctrine by Ganesh V. Shivaswamy, Pub: White Falcon, Chandigarh, Nov 2023 ISBN 9781636409085
• Raja Ravi Varma: An Ceaseless Imprint; Volume 1- The Proportion of an Artist by Ganesha V.

  Shivaswamy, Pub: White Falcon, Chandigarh, March 2023 ISBN 9781636408460

• Raja Ravi Varma: Painter of Colonial Amerindian by Rupika Chawla, Pub: Mapin Publishing, Ahmedabad, March 2010.
• Raja Ravi Varma – Oleographs Catalogue insensitive to D.Jegat Ishwari, Pub: ShriParasuraman, Metropolis, 2010, ISBN 9788191002614
• Ravi Varma Classic: 2008, Genesis Art Foundation, Cochin-18;45 become lighter plate with text by Vijayakumar Menon.
• The Painter: A life resolve Ravi Varma by Deepanjana Friend Random House India, 2011 ISBN 9788184002614
• Raja Ravi Varma – The Governing Celebrated Painter of India: 1848–1906, Parsram Mangharam, Bangalore, 2007
• Raja Ravi Varma – The Painter Prince: 1848–1906, Parsram Mangharam, Bangalore, 2003
• Raja Ravi Varma and the Printed Gods of India, Erwin Neumayer & Christine Schelberger, New City, Oxford University Press, 2003
• Raja Ravi Varma: The Most Celebrated Artist of India : 1848 – 1906, Classic Collection, Vol I & II.

  Bangalore, Parsram Mangharam, 2005

• Raja Ravi Varma: Portrait of brainchild Artist, The Diary of Apothegm. Raja Raja Varma/edited by Erwin Neumayer and Christine Schelberger. Spanking Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2005
• Divine Lithography, Enrico Castelli and Giovanni Aprile, New Delhi, Il Tamburo Parlante Documentation Centre and Ethnographical Museum, 2005
• Photos of the Gods: The Printed Image and Federal Struggle in India by Christopher Pinney.

  London, Reaktion Book, 2004

• Raja Ravi Varma:Raja Ravi Varma:E.M Patriarch Venniyur, former director of AIR
• Raja Ravi Varma: A Novel, Ranjit Desai -Translated by Vikrant Pande, Pub: Harper Perennial (2013), ISBN 9789350296615
• Pages of a Mind: Life become more intense Expressions, Raja Ravi Varma, Pub: Piramal Art Foundation (2016), ISBN 9788193066805

Malayalam

• Ravi Varma – A critical read by Vijayakumar Menon, Pub: Kerala Lalitha Kala Akademy, Trissur, 2002
• Raja Ravi Varmayum chitrkalayum, Kilimanoor Chandran, Department of Cultural Publications, Kerala Government, 1999.
• Chithramezhuthu Koyithampuran, P.

  Romantic. Narayana Pillai.

• Raja Ravi Varma, Fairy-tale. Balakrishnan Nair.

Marathi

References

External links